Pros and Cons: Choosing Between Education in the USA and Canada
Choosing between education in the USA and Canada is a major decision that can shape and transform your future. One of the most important choices you’ll make is selecting your destination. Although these neighbouring countries share similar demographics, they have notable differences. While the US is often depicted as the best country in the world, Canada has its unique strengths. In 2022, Canada had just over half a million international students, while the USA had just under a million, according to the Institute of International Education (IEE). Choosing which country is best for you will depend on your goals and personal preferences. This blog aims to assist you in resolving the dilemma of selecting between these two countries by presenting the pros and cons of each one and providing you with the necessary questions to consider before deciding on Canada or the USA.
Quality of Education
Prestige and Rankings in the USA
The US is home to some of the world’s most prestigious and top universities. Harvard, Stanford, MIT, Yale, and Columbia are just a few examples of Ivy League schools that attract top talent from around the world. The US also offers a wide range of specialised programs and research opportunities in various fields of study. Whether you want to pursue engineering, business, medicine, law, or arts, you can find a program that matches your interests and goals in the US.
Academic Excellence in Canada
Canada is not far behind when it comes to academic excellence. Canada has plenty of universities that are recognised globally for their quality of education and research. For example, the University of Toronto, McGill University and the University of British Columbia are among the top 100 universities in the world according to QS World Rankings 2024. Canada also has a strong commitment to high-quality education and research. The Canadian government invests heavily in education and innovation, making Canada one of the leading countries in scientific output and discovery.
Cost of Education
One of the most essential factors to look into when studying abroad is the cost of education. This is not limited to just tuition fees but also living expenses, books, travel and other miscellaneous costs. The cost of education may vary depending on the university, program, location and individual lifestyle.
Tuition and Living Expenses in the USA
One of the main drawbacks of studying in the USA is the high cost of tuition and living expenses. According to College Board, the average tuition fee for international students at public 4 years institutions (colleges and universities that state governments fund) was USD 28,240 per year in 2022-23, while private non-profit 4 years institutions (colleges and universities not subsidised by the government) charged USD 39,400 per year on average. The cost of living also varies depending on the location and lifestyle of the student, but it can range from USD 10,000 to USD 21,000 per year or more. However, there are fully funded scholarships, and financial aid are also available for international students who demonstrate academic merit or financial need.
Affordability in Canada
Studying in Canada is relatively more affordable than the USA for international students. According to Statistics Canada, the average tuition fee for international students for the undergraduate level was CAD 36,100 (USD 26,178) per year in 2022-23, whereas for the graduate level, it is CAD 21,100 (USD 15,295) per year. The cost of living also depends on the city and lifestyle of the student, but it can be estimated at around CAD 15,000 (USD 10,873) per year. Moreover, Canada offers many scholarships and work-study opportunities for international students who want to reduce their expenses or gain valuable work experience.
Cultural Experience
Diversity and Inclusion in the USA
Since the turn of the 20th century, the United States of America has been renowned for its inclusive melting pot culture that celebrates diversity. The US has a rich history of immigration and multiculturalism that shapes its society and values. As an international student studying in the US, you can experience different cultures, languages, religions, cuisines, music, art, and traditions. You can also join various campus clubs and activities that cater to your interests and hobbies. The USA is a great place to learn from different perspectives and broaden your horizons.
Multiculturalism in Canada
Canada is a very diverse and inclusive country that embraces people of all cultures and backgrounds. Canadians are commonly believed to be among the friendliest and most courteous people in the world. Canada’s multiculturalism policy promotes respect for cultural diversity and human rights. As an international student in Canada, you can enjoy a vibrant and tolerant society that celebrates diversity and inclusion. You can also take part in various cultural events and festivals that showcase Canada’s heritage and identity. Canada is a great place to appreciate different cultures and communities.
Immigration Policies and Job Opportunities
Work Opportunities and OPT &CPT in the USA
The USA offers many work opportunities for international students who want to stay and work after graduation. One of the options is Optional Practical Training (OPT), which allows international students to work for up to 12 months (or up to 36 months for STEM majors) in a field related to their degree. Some courses may have an integrated version of practical training called Curricula Practical Training (CPT), which allows you to get hands-on experience while still enrolled in your program. However, OPT and CPT do not guarantee a permanent visa or residency status in the US. To obtain a work visa such as H-1B, international students have to compete with other applicants and meet specific criteria. The H-1B visa is also subject to annual caps and a lottery system, which makes it uncertain and unpredictable.
Post-study Work in Canada
Canada has more favourable immigration policies and job opportunities for international students who want to stay and work after graduation. One of the options is Canada’s Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP), which allows international students to work up to 3 years in any field or location in Canada. The PGWP also counts as work experience for PR (Permanent Residency) in Canada through programs such as Express Entry or Provincial Nominee Program. Canada has a high demand for skilled workers and a fast and flexible immigration system, making it easier and more attractive for international students to settle in Canada.
Choosing between education in the USA and Canada can be a daunting task. Each country has its own advantages and disadvantages that may cater to different students’ preferences and goals. Ultimately, the decision depends on your personal and professional aspirations, budget, academic interests, and cultural expectations. Here are a few essential questions you need to ask yourself to help make an informed decision between studying in the USA or Canada:
- What are your academic interests and career goals?
- How crucial is the university’s ranking and reputation to you?
- How much can you realistically afford to spend on your education?
- How easy or difficult do you think finding a job after graduation will be?
- How likely or unlikely do you think it will be to obtain permanent residency?
Even though we can’t choose for you, our team of experts can help you make your choice simpler. Book an online 1-to-1 with us.
